God “foreknew” (ginōskō [1097] (which is the equivalent of the Hebrew verb ad [H3045]) describes a scrutinizing knowledge that goes beyond mere awareness. When used of people, the verb depicts thorough knowledge of one person by another. In fact, it was a common euphemism for sexual intimacy shared between a married couple.
Those God foreknew in this intimate, active sense does not include everyone. This has led some to suggest that God deliberately passed over some, electing them to damnation. That may be a logical inference, but we must be careful not to take Scripture beyond what it actually says. This is Paul’s teaching about believers; he wasn’t commenting on nonbelievers at this point.
Charles R. Swindoll, Romans, vol. 6, Swindoll’s Living Insights New Testament Commentary (Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, 2016), 192.
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